C# 基于命名管道(Named Pipes) 的进程间通信(IPC)
基于命名管道（Named Pipes) 的进程间通信（IPC），用于在同一台机器不同进程之间进行高效、可靠的数据传输，是一种基于消息或流的通信机制。管道有一个唯一的名称，客户端和服务器端通过名称连接到同一个管道，支持客户端和服务器端同时发送和接收数据。
以下，是一个C#的实例：
服务器端：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Pipes;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Web;
namespace NamedPipeServerForWindEDB
{
class Program
{
private static bool _isRunning = true;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("与财务分析最终版配称套件，用于更新EDB数据，相应进程已经启动...");
while (_isRunning)
{
using (var pipeServer = new NamedPipeServerStream("WindDataPipe", PipeDirection.InOut, NamedPipeServerStream.MaxAllowedServerInstances, PipeTransmissionMode.Message, PipeOptions.Asynchronous))
{
try
{
Console.WriteLine("等待主程序连接...");
pipeServer.WaitForConnection();
Console.WriteLine("主程序已连接。");
using (var reader = new StreamReader(pipeServer))
using (var writer = new StreamWriter(pipeServer))
{
string command = reader.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine("收到指令: " + command);
if (command == "SHUTDOWN")
{
_isRunning = false;
writer.WriteLine("Shutdowning...");
writer.Flush();
}
else
{
string data = GetDataFromWind(command);
writer.WriteLine(data);
writer.Flush();
Console.WriteLine("数据已返回。");
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("发生错误: " + ex.Message);
}
finally
{
if (pipeServer.IsConnected)
{
pipeServer.Disconnect();
Console.WriteLine("断开当前连接。");
}
}
}
}
Console.WriteLine("子进程已关闭。");
}
// 模拟调用Wind API获取数据
static string GetDataFromWind(string request)
{
// 这里替换为实际的Wind API调用逻辑
Thread.Sleep(1000); // 模拟耗时操作
string strContent = "";
List<string> Requestitems = request.Split('|').ToList();
if (Requestitems.Count == 3 )
{
string strStart=Requestitems[1];
string strEnd=Requestitems[2];
List<string> EDBCodes = Requestitems[0].Split(';').ToList();
foreach (string strCode in EDBCodes)
{
strContent = strContent + strCode + strStart + strEnd + "|";
}
}
return #34;数据来自Wind API，请求内容: {strContent}";
}
}
}客户端：
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO.Pipes;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace WinFormsApp1
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
private Process subProcess = new Process(); // 子进程对象
private bool isSubProcessRunning = false; // 标记子进程是否已启动
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
// 启动子进程按钮点击事件
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (!isSubProcessRunning)
{
// 启动.NET 4.8子进程
subProcess = StartSubProcess();
isSubProcessRunning = true;
}
// 发送请求
SendRequest("windEDBCode1;windEDBCode2;windEDBCode3|2023-01-01|2024-01-01");
}
// 启动子进程
private Process StartSubProcess()
{
ProcessStartInfo startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo
{
FileName = @"D:\我的云文档\C#程序开发\NamedPipeServerForWindEDB\bin\Debug\NamedPipeServerForWindEDB.exe", // 替换为子进程的路径
UseShellExecute = false,
CreateNoWindow = true
};
Process subProcess = new Process { StartInfo = startInfo };
subProcess.Start();
return subProcess;
}
private void SendRequest(string request)
{
try
{
using (var pipeClient = new NamedPipeClientStream(".", "WindDataPipe", PipeDirection.InOut, PipeOptions.Asynchronous))
{
pipeClient.Connect(5000); // 设置连接超时
using (var writer = new StreamWriter(pipeClient))
using (var reader = new StreamReader(pipeClient))
{
writer.WriteLine(request);
writer.Flush();
string data = reader?.ReadLine()??""; // 等待服务器端返回数据
this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate
{
if (data.Contains("Shutdowning..."))
{
// 忽略
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("收到数据: " + data);
}
});
}
}
}
catch (TimeoutException)
{
MessageBox.Show("连接子进程超时，请检查子进程是否已启动。");
}
catch (Exception)
{
}
}
// 窗体关闭事件
private void Form1_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
{
// 检查子进程是否正在运行
if (isSubProcessRunning && subProcess != null && !subProcess.HasExited)
{
try
{
// 发送关闭指令
SendRequest("SHUTDOWN");
// 等待子进程退出
if (!subProcess.WaitForExit(5000)) // 设置超时时间（例如5秒）
{
MessageBox.Show("子进程未正常退出，已强制终止。");
subProcess.Kill(); // 强制终止子进程
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
}
finally
{
// 标记子进程已关闭
isSubProcessRunning = false;
}
}
}
}
}